Symmetrical peripheral gangrene caused by urosepsis: Case reports and literature review.

RATIONALE: Symmetrical peripheral gangrene (SPG) is a serious and rare complication in patients with urosepsis, characterized by distal limb symmetry impairment.

PATIENT CONCERNS: In this study, 3 cases of SPG caused by urosepsis were reported, and the Chinese and English literature on SPG caused by urosepsis was reviewed. The demographic, clinicopathological, treatment, and follow-up data of the patients were summarized and analyzed.

DIAGNOSIS: SPG was diagnosed with clinical symptoms.

INTERVENTIONS: We conducted urological invasive surgery, administered anti-infective therapy, implemented fluid resuscitation and blood product transfusion, provided mechanical ventilation support, optimized myocardial contractility, administered heparin and B vitamins, utilized papaverine for vasodilation, performed hemodialysis and plasma exchange, peripheral skin warming along with other treatment modalities.

OUTCOMES: Two patients died and 1 patient underwent autoamputation.

LESSONS: Our cases and literature review demonstrate that timely and accurate diagnosis, effective infection control, correction of hypoperfusion, organ function support, early management of disseminated intravascular coagulation, avoidance of premature amputation, and multidisciplinary comprehensive treatment are crucial for the successful treatment of SPG caused by urosepsis.