A Dual Approach to Rehabilitation of an autoimmune ataxia : A case study involving the Adult-Onset Opsoclonus-Myoclonus-Ataxia Syndrome.

Opsoclonus-Myoclonus-Ataxia Syndrome (OMAS) is a rare inflammatory neurologic condition predominantly described in pediatric populations. Adult-onset OMAS presents significant rehabilitation challenges because of limited literature and established treatment protocols. We report a middle-aged man with postinflammatory OMAS who underwent intensive inpatient rehabilitation using both conventional therapy and adjunct interventions, including robot-assisted gait training and hydrotherapy. The patient presented with characteristic opsoclonus, truncal ataxia, and bilateral dysmetria after an upper respiratory tract infection. After 22 days of intensive rehabilitation, the patient demonstrated remarkable functional improvement with a FIM efficiency of 1.77 and effectiveness of 0.84. Berg Balance Scale scores improved from 25 of 56 to 53 of 56, and the patient achieved modified independence in activities of daily living. While recovery occurred during rehabilitation, causality cannot be established, as improvement may also reflect the natural disease trajectory. Nevertheless, this case demonstrates the potential efficacy of combining conventional rehabilitation with targeted adjunct therapies for adult-onset OMAS, providing a rationale for a treatment strategy in rare neurologic conditions.