Journal of ethnopharmacology · 2026
Pharmacodynamic-oriented serum pharmacochemistry-based discovery of the pharmacodynamic material basis and mechanism of Ohwia caudata leaves against acute ulcerative colitis.
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Ruan Jingya, Zhang Qianqian, Geng Qianqian, Wu Yijin, Liu Qian, Zhang Ping, Zhang Yi, Wang Tao
Аннотация
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE: Ohwia caudata leaves have long been used in traditional Chinese medicine to treat dysentery, gastroenteritis, and infantile malnutrition. However, their effect on ulcerative colitis (UC) remains unclear.
AIM OF THE STUDY: This study aimed to investigate the pharmacodynamic material basis and underlying mechanism of O. caudata leaves against acute UC.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: An acute UC mouse model was induced by 2.5% dextran sulfate sodium (DSS) to evaluate the pharmacodynamics of the 70% ethanol extract and different extraction/elution fractions of O. caudata leaves. The chemical constituents of the most active fraction were isolated and identified using various chromatographic and spectroscopic techniques. Serum pharmacochemistry coupled with LC-MS was employed to identify prototype components absorbed into the blood. The anti-inflammatory activity of the absorbed components was screened by measuring nitric oxide (NO) production in LPS-stimulated RAW264.7 cells. Network pharmacology was used to predict the potential targets and pathways of the active components, and key signaling pathways were validated by Western blot.
RESULTS: The 95% ethanol elution fraction (OCLH) was identified as the main anti-UC active fraction. From this fraction, 81 compounds were isolated and identified, including aliphatic glycosides, ionone glycosides, flavonoid glycosides, etc. 27 prototype components were found to enter the bloodstream, among which 16 exhibited significant inhibitory activity against NO production. Representative flavonoid C-glycosides (compounds 25, 30, 31, 38) significantly suppressed the phosphorylation levels of p38, Erk1/2, and AKT, and down-regulated the protein expression of PI3K, IL-6, and TNF-α in LPS-stimulated RAW264.7 cells.
CONCLUSION: The 95% ethanol elution fraction of O. caudata leaves is the main pharmacodynamic fraction responsible for ameliorating acute UC. Flavonoid C-glycosides are the key active components, and their mechanism is associated with the intervention of TNF-mediated MAPK and PI3K-AKT signaling pathways. This study provides a scientific basis for the rational clinical application of O. caudata leaves and the discovery of anti-UC lead compounds.
AIM OF THE STUDY: This study aimed to investigate the pharmacodynamic material basis and underlying mechanism of O. caudata leaves against acute UC.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: An acute UC mouse model was induced by 2.5% dextran sulfate sodium (DSS) to evaluate the pharmacodynamics of the 70% ethanol extract and different extraction/elution fractions of O. caudata leaves. The chemical constituents of the most active fraction were isolated and identified using various chromatographic and spectroscopic techniques. Serum pharmacochemistry coupled with LC-MS was employed to identify prototype components absorbed into the blood. The anti-inflammatory activity of the absorbed components was screened by measuring nitric oxide (NO) production in LPS-stimulated RAW264.7 cells. Network pharmacology was used to predict the potential targets and pathways of the active components, and key signaling pathways were validated by Western blot.
RESULTS: The 95% ethanol elution fraction (OCLH) was identified as the main anti-UC active fraction. From this fraction, 81 compounds were isolated and identified, including aliphatic glycosides, ionone glycosides, flavonoid glycosides, etc. 27 prototype components were found to enter the bloodstream, among which 16 exhibited significant inhibitory activity against NO production. Representative flavonoid C-glycosides (compounds 25, 30, 31, 38) significantly suppressed the phosphorylation levels of p38, Erk1/2, and AKT, and down-regulated the protein expression of PI3K, IL-6, and TNF-α in LPS-stimulated RAW264.7 cells.
CONCLUSION: The 95% ethanol elution fraction of O. caudata leaves is the main pharmacodynamic fraction responsible for ameliorating acute UC. Flavonoid C-glycosides are the key active components, and their mechanism is associated with the intervention of TNF-mediated MAPK and PI3K-AKT signaling pathways. This study provides a scientific basis for the rational clinical application of O. caudata leaves and the discovery of anti-UC lead compounds.