Annals of medicine · 2026
Public knowledge and awareness of osteoarthritis in Makkah and Jeddah: a comparative cross-sectional study.
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Alyami Ali H, Malki Abdalmalik T, Alharbi Deemah M, Aljadani Hasen H, Wali Lameas A, Wazzan Mahmoud A, Babtain Hamed W, Shahhatalsayed Awwab A, Alghamdi Abdulelah A, Almasaad Juman M
Аннотация
BACKGROUND: Osteoarthritis (OA) is a major cause of disability, yet public awareness remains limited. This study assessed OA knowledge in Makkah and Jeddah and compared findings with previous Saudi studies.
METHODS: A comparative cross-sectional study was conducted from July to October 2025 among adults in Makkah and Jeddah. A self-administered online questionnaire assessed demographics, information sources, and OA knowledge (score: 0-20). Findings were compared with a 2020 Jeddah survey using overall and item-level knowledge and relevant subgroup scores. The study was IRB-approved (NRJ25/055/4). Analyses were performed using JMP Pro 19 (p ≤ 0.05).
RESULTS: Among 365 participants, 54.8% were male, and the mean knowledge score was 11.34 ± 3.48. Scores did not differ significantly by education (p = 0.51), age (p = 0.20), or gender (p = 0.97). Participants with a medical-field background had higher scores than those without (13.09 ± 2.74 vs. 10.88 ± 3.51; p < 0.0001). Most recognized aging as a risk factor (91.2%), physiotherapy as beneficial (82.5%), and multiple-joint involvement (81.9%), while misconceptions about cold weather, microorganisms, and acid-free diets persisted. Greater knowledge was associated with identifying cartilage degeneration, and school/university was associated with the highest awareness among information sources. Awareness showed modest improvement compared with previous regional studies, particularly regarding diagnosis and treatment.
CONCLUSION: Public awareness of osteoarthritis in Makkah and Jeddah remains limited despite improvements compared with previous Saudi studies, highlighting the need for targeted education to address persistent misconceptions.
METHODS: A comparative cross-sectional study was conducted from July to October 2025 among adults in Makkah and Jeddah. A self-administered online questionnaire assessed demographics, information sources, and OA knowledge (score: 0-20). Findings were compared with a 2020 Jeddah survey using overall and item-level knowledge and relevant subgroup scores. The study was IRB-approved (NRJ25/055/4). Analyses were performed using JMP Pro 19 (p ≤ 0.05).
RESULTS: Among 365 participants, 54.8% were male, and the mean knowledge score was 11.34 ± 3.48. Scores did not differ significantly by education (p = 0.51), age (p = 0.20), or gender (p = 0.97). Participants with a medical-field background had higher scores than those without (13.09 ± 2.74 vs. 10.88 ± 3.51; p < 0.0001). Most recognized aging as a risk factor (91.2%), physiotherapy as beneficial (82.5%), and multiple-joint involvement (81.9%), while misconceptions about cold weather, microorganisms, and acid-free diets persisted. Greater knowledge was associated with identifying cartilage degeneration, and school/university was associated with the highest awareness among information sources. Awareness showed modest improvement compared with previous regional studies, particularly regarding diagnosis and treatment.
CONCLUSION: Public awareness of osteoarthritis in Makkah and Jeddah remains limited despite improvements compared with previous Saudi studies, highlighting the need for targeted education to address persistent misconceptions.