Endocrinology, diabetes & metabolism · 2025
Impact of Metformin Therapy on Vitamin B12 Levels in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus.
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Mahmoud Sahar H, Elfargani Fatma R, Mohamed Nagwa, Alhamdi Fiaza A
Аннотация
INTRODUCTION: Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a serious health condition affecting people worldwide with a high prevalence rate. DM is classified according to its aetiology into type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM); several risk factors contribute to the development of T2DM, such as age, genetic predisposition and obesity. Metformin is a proven drug of choice, and it is used as a first-line treatment for patients with T2DM to improve their glycaemic levels. Vitamin B12 is an important water-soluble vitamin, and its deficiency can lead to megaloblastic anaemia.
MATERIAL AND METHODS: A Cross-sectional retrospective study was conducted on patients with T2DM in a Sedi Hussein diabetic polyclinic in Benghazi, Libya. The total sample was 381 patients: T1DM 15 (n), and T2DM 366 (n). T1DM was excluded from our results. Patients with T2DM were divided into two groups: the control group (not on metformin) consisted of 71 patients, and the group that received metformin (M group) consisted of 295 patients.
AIMS OF THE STUDY: To assess serum vitamin B12 levels in patients with T2DM and evaluate the prevalence of vitamin B12 deficiency among those receiving metformin treatment.
RESULTS: The M group significantly decreased vitamin B12 serum levels by 443.56 mg/mL versus the control group of 541.33 pg/mL (p = 0.003). The prevalence of patients with vitamin B12 deficiency under the metformin treatment was 23.84%. There was no significant difference in correlation between serum vitamin B12 levels and both doses of metformin and the duration of diabetes mellitus.
CONCLUSION: Vitamin B12 was significantly decreased in patients with T2DM receiving metformin.
MATERIAL AND METHODS: A Cross-sectional retrospective study was conducted on patients with T2DM in a Sedi Hussein diabetic polyclinic in Benghazi, Libya. The total sample was 381 patients: T1DM 15 (n), and T2DM 366 (n). T1DM was excluded from our results. Patients with T2DM were divided into two groups: the control group (not on metformin) consisted of 71 patients, and the group that received metformin (M group) consisted of 295 patients.
AIMS OF THE STUDY: To assess serum vitamin B12 levels in patients with T2DM and evaluate the prevalence of vitamin B12 deficiency among those receiving metformin treatment.
RESULTS: The M group significantly decreased vitamin B12 serum levels by 443.56 mg/mL versus the control group of 541.33 pg/mL (p = 0.003). The prevalence of patients with vitamin B12 deficiency under the metformin treatment was 23.84%. There was no significant difference in correlation between serum vitamin B12 levels and both doses of metformin and the duration of diabetes mellitus.
CONCLUSION: Vitamin B12 was significantly decreased in patients with T2DM receiving metformin.