Efficacy of gradient compression sleeves in preventing postoperative upper extremity lymphoedema after breast cancer surgery.

BACKGROUND

Breast cancer-related lymphedema (BCRL) is a serious complication after breast cancer surgery. This study evaluated the efficacy of gradient compression sleeves in preventing BCRL.

RESEARCH DESIGN AND

METHODS

In this prospective randomized controlled trial, 104 postmastectomy patients were randomized to conventional care (n = 52) or conventional care plus gradient compression sleeves (20-30 mmHg) for 12 months. The primary outcome was arm circumference change at 10 standardized sites measured at 90, 180, and 360 days post-surgery for evaluating efficacy. Secondary outcomes included Breast Cancer Lymphedema Symptom Experience Index (BCLE-SEI) for symptom severity and life impact for evaluating safety. Blinding of participants was not feasible due to the nature of the intervention.

RESULTS

The intervention group showed significantly smaller increases in arm circumference at multiple sites at 180 and 360 days (p < 0.05). BCLE-SEI scores for symptom severity and life impact were significantly lower in the intervention group (p < 0.05). No serious adverse events occurred; eight mild transient skin irritations were reported.

CONCLUSIONS

Prophylactic gradient compression sleeves may reduce BCRL progression and improve quality of life. Limitations include single-center design and lack of blinding.

REGISTRATION: ISRCTN registry (ISRCTN44170920).