Gastro hep advances · 2026
Genetic Epidemiology of Hepatitis B Virus in Africa: A Review.
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Dujing Samson Laribik, Kuugbee Eugene Dogkotegne, Walana Williams
Аннотация
BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Hepatitis B virus (HBV) is an enveloped and hepatotoxic virus belonging to the hepadnaviridae family, and it has the potential to cause both acute and chronic hepatitis. HBV remains a major public health threat, particularly in Asia, Africa, and South America, resulting in several deaths even though there is currently a safe vaccine against it.
METHODS: This systematic review examined the geographic distribution of HBV genotypes across Africa. We conducted a literature search on the major databases using key search strategies and a thorough combination of terms for HBV genotype distribution, from January 1, 2014, to January 31, 2025.
RESULTS: The findings revealed varying HBV genetic diversity in African regions, with some studies demonstrating similar or consistent results. Genotypes A, D, and E were commonly reported. However, genotype E was the most predominant, while genotype A was highly variable across the continent, with subgenotype A1 being the most common. Finally, some studies discovered novel recombinant strains from HBV genotypes and subgenotypes.
CONCLUSION: There were limited reports on HBV genotype across Africa, with scarce genotype and clinical linkages, making HBV genotype epidemiology a relevant gap for informed clinical decision-making in hepatitis B treatment.
METHODS: This systematic review examined the geographic distribution of HBV genotypes across Africa. We conducted a literature search on the major databases using key search strategies and a thorough combination of terms for HBV genotype distribution, from January 1, 2014, to January 31, 2025.
RESULTS: The findings revealed varying HBV genetic diversity in African regions, with some studies demonstrating similar or consistent results. Genotypes A, D, and E were commonly reported. However, genotype E was the most predominant, while genotype A was highly variable across the continent, with subgenotype A1 being the most common. Finally, some studies discovered novel recombinant strains from HBV genotypes and subgenotypes.
CONCLUSION: There were limited reports on HBV genotype across Africa, with scarce genotype and clinical linkages, making HBV genotype epidemiology a relevant gap for informed clinical decision-making in hepatitis B treatment.