Polimery w medycynie · 2026
Zinc oxide nanoparticles potentiate the antibacterial and antibiofilm efficacy of imipenem against Klebsiella pneumoniae.
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Shawi Deyar Jassim, Zgair Ayaid Khadem
Аннотация
BACKGROUND: Biofilm extracellular polymeric matrix (EPS) biomass plays a central role in bacterial resistance to carbapenems, especially imipenem (IPM), which poses a serious threat to public health.
OBJECTIVES: The present study aims to use ZnO NPs to improve the susceptibility of imipenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae (IRKP) to imipenem (IPM) and to reduce biofilm extracellular polymeric matrix (EPS) biomass.
MATERIAL AND METHODS: Susceptibility to IPM and biofilm formation were evaluated in 20 uropathogenic K. pneumoniae isolates. ZnO NPs were prepared using an extract of Thymus vulgaris leaves. The effects of sub-minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of IPM and ZnO NPs on biofilm formation were evaluated. The additive effect of sub-MICs of ZnO NPs on IRKP susceptibility to IPM and biofilm formation was assessed.
RESULTS: The diameter of the prepared ZnO NPs was less than 50 nm. Biofilm formation negatively correlated with inhibition zone diameter (r = -0.819, p = 0.001) and positively with IPM MICs (r = 0.79, p = 0.001). Sub-MICs of IPM and ZnO NPs reduced biofilm formation on polystyrene in a concentration-dependent manner. The synergistic role of sub-MICs of ZnO NPs in decreasing the MICs of IPM against K. pneumoniae was observed, from 250 ± 50 μg/mL to 116.6 ± 14.4 μg/mL (at 1/2, 1/4, and 1/8 MICs of ZnO NPs), while 1/16 MIC of ZnO NPs decreased the MICs of IPM to 125 ± 25 μg/mL. The 1/32 and 1/64 MICs of ZnO NPs reduced the MICs of IPM to 141.6 ± 14.4 μg/mL and 158.3 ± 80.36 μg/mL, respectively. The greatest reduction in biofilm extracellular polymeric matrix (EPS) formation was observed at the highest concentrations of the IPM/ZnO NP combination, while the lowest reduction was observed at the lowest concentrations of both materials (p < 0.05).
CONCLUSIONS: The present study demonstrated a synergistic effect of sub-MIC ZnO NPs on the antibacterial and antibiofilm activities of imipenem against K. pneumoniae (IRKP).
OBJECTIVES: The present study aims to use ZnO NPs to improve the susceptibility of imipenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae (IRKP) to imipenem (IPM) and to reduce biofilm extracellular polymeric matrix (EPS) biomass.
MATERIAL AND METHODS: Susceptibility to IPM and biofilm formation were evaluated in 20 uropathogenic K. pneumoniae isolates. ZnO NPs were prepared using an extract of Thymus vulgaris leaves. The effects of sub-minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of IPM and ZnO NPs on biofilm formation were evaluated. The additive effect of sub-MICs of ZnO NPs on IRKP susceptibility to IPM and biofilm formation was assessed.
RESULTS: The diameter of the prepared ZnO NPs was less than 50 nm. Biofilm formation negatively correlated with inhibition zone diameter (r = -0.819, p = 0.001) and positively with IPM MICs (r = 0.79, p = 0.001). Sub-MICs of IPM and ZnO NPs reduced biofilm formation on polystyrene in a concentration-dependent manner. The synergistic role of sub-MICs of ZnO NPs in decreasing the MICs of IPM against K. pneumoniae was observed, from 250 ± 50 μg/mL to 116.6 ± 14.4 μg/mL (at 1/2, 1/4, and 1/8 MICs of ZnO NPs), while 1/16 MIC of ZnO NPs decreased the MICs of IPM to 125 ± 25 μg/mL. The 1/32 and 1/64 MICs of ZnO NPs reduced the MICs of IPM to 141.6 ± 14.4 μg/mL and 158.3 ± 80.36 μg/mL, respectively. The greatest reduction in biofilm extracellular polymeric matrix (EPS) formation was observed at the highest concentrations of the IPM/ZnO NP combination, while the lowest reduction was observed at the lowest concentrations of both materials (p < 0.05).
CONCLUSIONS: The present study demonstrated a synergistic effect of sub-MIC ZnO NPs on the antibacterial and antibiofilm activities of imipenem against K. pneumoniae (IRKP).