[Transitional carcinoma of the ureter and urinary tuberculosis].

Tumors of the renal pelvis are rare neoplasms: their yearly incidence is 1.4 cases per 100,000 men and 0.6 cases per 100,000 women. The annual incidence of renal tuberculosis is 13 cases per 100,000 persons. The likelihood of both diseases occurring in the same kidney is extremely remote. We report on a case of ureter transitional cell carcinoma developed in a patient with tuberculosis stenosis of the same ureter, small retracted bladder and destruction of the opposite kidney. Total uterectomy, augmentation ileocaecocystoplasty and contralateral nephrectomy were performed. Literature is briefly reviewed and is underlined too the paradoxical simultaneous occurrence of transitional cell carcinoma and active tuberculosis infection, while the use of the bacillus of Calmette-Guerin is being advocated in the treatment of urotelial tumors.