Recommendations issued by clinical practice guidelines for the implementation of healthy lifestyles in adult patients diagnosed with gout: a scoping review.

BACKGROUND AND

OBJECTIVES

Gout is the most common inflammatory arthritis and is closely related to hyperuricemia. Although pharmacological treatment is key, lifestyle changes can help in its prevention and control. This study identified the recommendations of Clinical Practice Guidelines (CPG) on healthy habits in adults with gout and the methodology used in their development.

METHODS

A scoping review of CPGs published in the last 5 years in databases such as PubMed, Scopus and Web of Science, as well as repositories specialized in clinical guidelines, was performed. The PRISMA-ScR guidelines and the JBI methodology were applied.

RESULTS

Nine CPGs with recommendations on diet, physical activity and alcohol consumption were identified, with differences in their approach and level of evidence. Seven CPGs used GRADE to assess the quality of evidence and two used OXFORD. Most recommend reducing consumption of foods rich in purines and fructose, moderating alcohol, and promoting weight loss in overweight patients. No specific mental health recommendations were found.

CONCLUSIONS

Lifestyle recommendations in gout CPGs, though they have a useful complementary role to play, are limited, and lack consensus. More rigorous research and updated guidelines are needed to improve patients' quality of life.