Aspergillus calidoustus: An Emerging Cause of Invasive Aspergillosis and the Role of Metagenomic Next-Generation Sequencing Test in Its Diagnosis.

Transplant recipients have a high risk of infection with opportunistic pathogens. The type, dose, and duration of immunosuppression and use of prior broad-spectrum antimicrobials contribute to overall risk of infections. Aspergillosis is a known opportunistic infection that can occur as mid or late infection after visceral transplant. Aspergillus fumigatus is the commonly isolated species, but with the use of prophylactic broad-spectrum antifungals, other species such as Aspergillus calidoustus are emerging. We report a case of invasive sinusitis and brain mass due to this species of Aspergillus that was identified using next-generation sequencing (NGS). Use of NGS early in clinical presentation may help in effective management of opportunistic infections in immunocompromised hosts.