Associated clinical abnormalities among patients with Turner syndrome.

OBJECTIVE

The early diagnosis of Turner syndrome (TS) is often difficult because of the various clinical features. This study aimed to investigate clinical features and identify associated abnormalities in a group of patients with TS.

METHODS

Retrospective data of presenting clinical features collected from the medical records of the 37 patients with TS. All patients were examined for associated clinical abnormalities.

RESULTS

Mean age at diagnosis was 9.3±4.1 years. The main reason for referral was short stature and/or delayed puberty. All of the patients had at least one dysmorphic sign. Skeletal system abnormalities (57%) were the most common associated abnormality, which was followed by gastrointestinal system problems (40%). Cardiac defects occurred in 32%. Urinary system abnormalities occurred in 27%. Dermatological problems were detected in 32% of the patients. The pathology of the hearing was found in 19%. Autoimmune thyroid disease was detected in 24% of the patients, and celiac disease was detected in 5.4% of the patients.

CONCLUSION

Phenotypic variability often leads to a delay in the diagnosis of TS. Early diagnosis can initiate effective management in patients with TS.