Associations between heart failure-related quality of life and clinical parameters in patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy: a cross-sectional analysis of data from a multicentre Japanese registry.

OBJECTIVE

To investigate the relationship between a quality of life (QOL) score and clinical parameters in patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM).

DESIGN

A multicentre cross-sectional study.

SETTING

We analysed data from the Searching for Atrial Fibrillation and Early Recruitment of Heart Failure in HCM registry, collected between 2018 and 2023.

PARTICIPANTS

Patients with HCM (n=499) aged ≥18 years from 12 institutions (Shizuoka Prefecture, Japan) were consecutively enrolled.

OUTCOME MEASURES: Clinical parameters, along with data from a short form of the Kansas City Cardiomyopathy Questionnaire (KCCQ-12), were collected. The association between each clinical parameter and the KCCQ-12 score was analysed. Clinical parameters with a significant univariable association (p<0.05) were used in a multiple regression model to investigate independent clinical parameters associated with the KCCQ-12 score. The coefficients and relative importance of each parameter included in the multiple regression model were also evaluated.

RESULTS

In the univariable analysis, KCCQ-12 scores exhibited significant associations with 21 clinical parameters, including sex, left ventricular morphology and the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI). The multiple regression model with 12 parameters that had a significant univariable association exhibited an adjusted R2 of 0.48. In this model, the PSQI (standardised coefficient -0.39; p<0.001), history of sustained ventricular tachycardia or fibrillation, history of atrial fibrillation (-0.23; p<0.001), female sex (-0.19; p=0.035), systolic blood pressure (0.17; p=0.040), lateral E/e prime (-0.17; p=0.049) and A wave (-0.14, p=0.049) were independently associated with the KCCQ-12 score with high relative importance.

CONCLUSIONS

In patients with HCM, we investigated the association between the KCCQ-12 score and various clinical parameters. PSQI, as well as known heart failure-related clinical parameters, was significantly associated with the KCCQ-12 score. Visualising the associations of various clinical parameters with the KCCQ-12 score will help physicians to consider factors linked to the decline in QOL in patients with HCM.