Deep venous thrombosis and pulmonary embolism caused by an intravascular synovial sarcoma of the common femoral vein.

Malignant tumors arising in deep veins of the lower extremities are very uncommon. To our best knowledge, this is the seventh case of a primary venous intravascular synovial sarcoma (SS) reported in literature. A 32-year-old woman was admitted with a second episode of deep venous thrombosis of the right lower limb and pulmonary embolism. Physical and radiological examinations showed besides the thrombosis a tumor arising from the right common femoral vein involving the bifurcation of the common femoral artery. At surgery, en block resection of the tumor including the deep femoral vein and arterial bifurcation was done with an arterial reconstruction using a synthetic graft. Histopathological examination revealed an intravascular SS of the common femoral vein. The mainstay of curative therapy is complete surgical resection of all tumor manifestations with negative histological margins.