Outcomes of Abdominal Contouring in Patients with and without Weight Loss Surgery: A Propensity-Matched Comparison Study.

BACKGROUND

Patients undergo abdominoplasty/panniculectomy following excessive weight loss and/or to improve abdominal appearance/shape. The authors aim to compare clinical outcomes and quality of life (QoL) following these procedures in patients with and without a history of weight loss surgery (WLS).

METHODS

A single-center, single-surgeon, retrospective review from 2015 to 2022 was performed examining patients who underwent abdominal contouring procedures with and without a history of WLS. A propensity-scored match was performed based on age and sex. Surgical outcomes and patient-reported outcomes (BODY-Q) were compared.

RESULTS

Overall, 208 patients (104 per group) were identified (mean follow-up, 15.5 ± 14.2 months). Mean age was 47.4 ± 11.0 years, and the majority were female (86.1%). The WLS group had greater body mass index (35.4 ± 9.3 kg/m 2 versus 29.7 ± 6.9 kg/m 2 ; P < 0.05), had more tissue excised (1680.3 ± 1003.7 cm 2 versus 976.1 ± 630.9 cm 2 ; P < 0.05), and were more likely approved by insurance (85.1% versus 39.8%; P < 0.05). Liposuction was more frequently performed in non-WLS patients (51.9% versus 11.5%; P < 0.05). WLS patients experienced greater rates of delayed wound healing (34.6% versus 16.5%; P < 0.05); there were no predictive factors on multivariate regression. There were no differences in surgical-site infections, hematomas, cellulitis, cosmetic outcomes, readmissions, or revisions ( P > 0.05). WLS patients demonstrated significant improvement in QoL: appraisal, body image, physical function, and sexual function ( P < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONS

Patients with a history of WLS undergoing abdominal contouring procedures experience increased wound healing complications compared with non-WLS patients. Major complications requiring reoperation/revision were no different between groups. All patients had significant QoL gains in body and abdominal satisfaction, psychological function, psychosocial function, and appraisal. WLS patients had additional improvements in body image, physical function, and sexual function.