Mid-terme results of cardiac surgery of valve replacement by mechanical prosthesis. About 861 patients.

BACKGROUND

Patients with mechanical valvular prostheses are becoming more numerous in our country. Their medical care poses a number of problems in a particular socio-economic context of our geographical regions.

AIM: The purpose of this study was to identify the complications of this heart valve replacement surgery by mechanical prostheses and try to compare our results with those of literature.

METHODS

From January 1998 to June 2003, 861 patients were operated for acquired valvular heart disease (413 men and 448 women), average age 39±11 years. It was 495 mitral valve replacement, 205 aortic valve replacement, 158 mitral-aortic replacement  and 3 aorto-mitral-tricuspid replacement. One hundred seventy eight (178) gestures were needed on the tricuspid valve.

RESULTS

Hospital mortality was 6.2% CI [5.0 - 8.5]. Remote 9 years mortality was 21 deaths. No structural deterioration prosthesis occurred. Hospital Morbidity was 14  thromboembolism, 52 hemorrhage and 8 mediastinitis. Remote morbidity was 3 strokes, 2 serious gastrointestinal bleeding and two endocarditis. The survival rate at 5 years was 90 % CI [0.88 - 0.91].

CONCLUSION

Heart valve replacement surgery with mechanical prostheses gives satisfactory results in the medium term.