[Effect of simultaneous multi-plane surgery on cardiopulmonary function in patients with obstructive sleep apnea-hypopnea syndrome and its curative effect].

Objective

To investigate the therapeutic effect of upper airway surgery on patients with obstructive sleep apnea hypopnea syndrome（OSAHS）, observing changes in their cardiopulmonary function, and comparing the improvement of cardiopulmonary function between patients with different therapeutic effects.

Methods

A total of 70 patients with moderate to severe OSAHS admitted to our hospital from July 2021 to February 2024 were selected. All patients underwent nasal cavity expansion surgery combined with palatopharyngeal and/or tongue surgery, and were followed up for 6 months. According to the therapeutic effect, patients were divided into an effective group（AHI reduction ≥ 50% and postoperative AHI<20, n=52） and an ineffective group（n=18）. The Epworth Sleep Scale（ESS） scores before and after surgery were compared to evaluate the surgical effect, and changes in tcardiopulmonary function were detected. Static and dynamic indicators of cardiopulmonary function, sleep apnea hypopnea index（AHI）, blood oxygen saturation（SaO2） were compared before and after surgery. Pearson correlation analysis was used to explore the correlation between changes in body mass index（BMI） and improvement in cardiovascular and pulmonary function indicators.

Results

After surgery, RV/TLC） and dynamic cardiopulmonary function indicators（Peak VO2%, Peak O2 Pulse%, AT, Emax/MVV, etc.） showed significant improvement compared to preoperative levels（P<0.01）. The improvement amplitude in the effective group was significantly greater than that in the ineffective group（P<0.05）. Pearson correlation analysis showed that there was no significant correlation between BMI changes and improvement in cardiovascular and pulmonary function indicators（P>0.05）.

Conclusion

For OSAHS patients who cannot tolerate or are unwilling to receive non-invasive assisted ventilation, simultaneous multi-plane upper airway surgery is feasible. Even if the objective efficacy is suboptimal, it can improve cardiopulmonary function and has significant clinical application value.