Successful diagnosis and treatment 50 years after exposure: is mucocutaneous leishmaniasis still a neglected differential diagnosis?

We present a case of a long-term history of imported mucocutaneous leishmaniasis, illustrating the importance of this differential diagnosis even decades after exposure. Diagnostic pitfalls and the role of primary subspecies differentiation are demonstrated. Chemotherapy avoiding antimonials was successful and remarkably well tolerated by an elderly patient.