Giant mesenteric cyst of mesothelial origin as a rare late complication of previous peritoneal dialysis during hemodialysis.

Mesenteric cysts are uncommon benign abdominal lesions with no specific clinical features. Their occurrence during hemodialysis is exceptional. We report the case of a 22-year-old patient who had been treated with peritoneal dialysis for 2 years and was subsequently transferred to hemodialysis because of refractory peritonitis. Three years later, he presented with a progressive abdominal distension caused by a large mass extending from the epigastric to the pelvic region. Exploratory laparoscopy revealed a giant cystic lesion occupying the entire peritoneal cavity. Complete surgical excision was performed. Histopathological examination confirmed a benign mesenteric cyst of mesothelial origin. This rare complication may be associated with previous peritoneal dialysis, recurrent peritonitis, and a chronic inflammatory state.