Language, speech, and hearing services in schools · 2018
Implementing Evidence-Based Practice: Selecting Treatment Words to Boost Phonological Learning.
СтатьяОбзорНазвание и аннотация: Перевод в очереди
Обработка статьи · этапы, ошибки и управление
Загрузка состояния…
Ошибки и ограничения
История · было → стало
Состояние обновляется каждые 5 секунд, пока блок открыт. Процент показывается только там, где известен объём работы. Пауза останавливает продолжение этапа; текущий запрос к источнику может завершиться.
Xue KeXin, Lei Shengmei, Cheng Xiaojing, Xu Wenfei, Lin Zhehao, Zhou Yutong, Mao Xiaokai, Ge Xin, Zhu Haihua, Zhu Fudong
Аннотация
BACKGROUND: Dental caries arises from an ecological imbalance within a complex community. How chronic social context relates to ecological heterogeneity and dysbiosis-associated microbial shifts in school-age children remains unclear.
OBJECTIVE: To investigate the associations of left-behind status and caries burden with the salivary microbiome and to explore a two-hit ecological framework linking social context to caries-associated microbial shifts.
DESIGN: In this cross-sectional study, 127 rural children were classified using a 2 × 2 framework based on left-behind status and caries burden. Saliva samples underwent shotgun metagenomic sequencing. Ecological analyses and covariate-adjusted multivariable models were performed.
RESULTS: Alpha diversity did not differ across groups. Global community centroids were similar, whereas within-group dispersion was higher in left-behind children, suggesting greater ecological heterogeneity. After covariate adjustment, no genus-level associations remained significant, whereas several KEGG level 3 pathways related to translation and carbohydrate utilization were positively associated with dmft. Stratified analyses showed concordant caries-related enrichment of Streptococcus, Veillonella, and carbohydrate-utilization pathways across social strata. Ecological subtyping identified Neisseria- and Veillonella-anchored community types.
CONCLUSION: The findings are consistent with a two-hit ecological framework in which social context is associated with greater ecological heterogeneity and cariogenic pressure is associated with reproducible functional shifts. Given the cross-sectional design, this framework should be considered hypothesis-generating.
OBJECTIVE: To investigate the associations of left-behind status and caries burden with the salivary microbiome and to explore a two-hit ecological framework linking social context to caries-associated microbial shifts.
DESIGN: In this cross-sectional study, 127 rural children were classified using a 2 × 2 framework based on left-behind status and caries burden. Saliva samples underwent shotgun metagenomic sequencing. Ecological analyses and covariate-adjusted multivariable models were performed.
RESULTS: Alpha diversity did not differ across groups. Global community centroids were similar, whereas within-group dispersion was higher in left-behind children, suggesting greater ecological heterogeneity. After covariate adjustment, no genus-level associations remained significant, whereas several KEGG level 3 pathways related to translation and carbohydrate utilization were positively associated with dmft. Stratified analyses showed concordant caries-related enrichment of Streptococcus, Veillonella, and carbohydrate-utilization pathways across social strata. Ecological subtyping identified Neisseria- and Veillonella-anchored community types.
CONCLUSION: The findings are consistent with a two-hit ecological framework in which social context is associated with greater ecological heterogeneity and cariogenic pressure is associated with reproducible functional shifts. Given the cross-sectional design, this framework should be considered hypothesis-generating.