Pregnancy outcome and uterine fibroids.

Myomas are observed in about 3-12% of pregnant women. Uterine fibroids may affect the outcome of pregnancy. The presence of myomas - in particular of myomas that distort the uterine cavity and larger intramural myomas - has been associated with infertility. In the case of pregnancy, it has been linked to an increased risk of spontaneous abortion, fetal malpresentation, placenta previa, preterm birth, cesarean section, and peripartum hemorrhage. Although fibroids may negatively affect pregnancy outcome, the impact of their treatment, particularly in quantitative terms, is unclear. Hysteroscopic myomectomy is the treatment of choice for submucous fibroids. The comparative efficacy of laparoscopic, laparotomic, or new modalities of treatment of intramural fibroids is not known. Up to date the choice and modalities of treatment of submucous fibroids should not be based on sound evidence but on clinical concerns and the skill of each center.