IJID regions · 2026
Age-stratified prevalence of latent tuberculosis infection in Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia: a facility-based cross-sectional study.
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Narmandakh Erdenegerel, Tumur Enkhtsetseg, Sharkhuu Gundsuren, Igarashi Yuriko, Ganbaatar Gantungalag, Dambaa Naranzul, Batbayar Nyamjargal, Dorj Gantsetseg, Borolzoi Tsetsegtuya, Enkhtaivan Odmaa, Baatar Munkhzul, Davaakhuu Enkhbolor, Tsolmon Bilegtsaikhan, Jav Sarantuya, Burneebaatar Buyankhishig, Mitarai Satoshi
Аннотация
OBJECTIVES: Mongolia has a high tuberculosis (TB) burden. This study aimed to assess the age-specific latent TB infection (LTBI) prevalence in a healthy population in Mongolia by using interferon-gamma release assays.
METHODS: This facility-based cross-sectional study was conducted from June 2024 to March 2025 in Ulaanbaatar. Eligible participants were asymptomatic, aged ≥10 years, had no previous TB treatment, and had no known contact with TB. LTBI was detected using the QuantiFERON-TB Gold Plus (QFT-Plus) assay. Sociodemographic data were collected using standardized questionnaires.
RESULTS: The overall QFT-Plus positivity rate in 766 eligible participants (mean age: 38.2 years; 47.1% female) was 33.4%. Age-specific positivity increased from 7.9% (participants aged 10-19 years) to 46.1% (participants aged ≥60 years, P < 0.0001). Sex was not associated with positivity (P = 0.652), although the rate was slightly higher in women aged 40-59 years than in men. Multivariable analysis confirmed that age was a significant predictor of QFT-Plus positivity, reflecting TB prevalence.
CONCLUSION: Ulaanbaatar's LTBI prevalence remains high, especially among older adults, suggesting a shift from recent transmission to remote infection reactivation. Although QFT-Plus positivity in young individuals remains high, our findings support the prioritization of targeted preventive strategies for older populations.
METHODS: This facility-based cross-sectional study was conducted from June 2024 to March 2025 in Ulaanbaatar. Eligible participants were asymptomatic, aged ≥10 years, had no previous TB treatment, and had no known contact with TB. LTBI was detected using the QuantiFERON-TB Gold Plus (QFT-Plus) assay. Sociodemographic data were collected using standardized questionnaires.
RESULTS: The overall QFT-Plus positivity rate in 766 eligible participants (mean age: 38.2 years; 47.1% female) was 33.4%. Age-specific positivity increased from 7.9% (participants aged 10-19 years) to 46.1% (participants aged ≥60 years, P < 0.0001). Sex was not associated with positivity (P = 0.652), although the rate was slightly higher in women aged 40-59 years than in men. Multivariable analysis confirmed that age was a significant predictor of QFT-Plus positivity, reflecting TB prevalence.
CONCLUSION: Ulaanbaatar's LTBI prevalence remains high, especially among older adults, suggesting a shift from recent transmission to remote infection reactivation. Although QFT-Plus positivity in young individuals remains high, our findings support the prioritization of targeted preventive strategies for older populations.