An autopsy case of vertebrobasilar dolichoectasia under hemodialysis due to autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease.

A 60-year-old male with end-stage kidney disease due to autosomal polycystic kidney disease began maintenance hemodialysis in 2005. A brain CT scan showed dilatation of left vertebral artery, basilar artery, bilateral post cerebral artery, and middle cerebral artery. At the time, he was diagnosed as vertebrobasilar dolichoectasia. He was once admitted to our hospital for ischemic stroke. After discharge, he was treated with anticoagulant agent from 2010 to 2012 without any new stroke events. In March, 2012, he was admitted to our hospital for an evaluation of diplopia and left hemiplegia. Brain MRI showed acute ischemia of bilateral pons and right temporal lobe. He was once recovered with urokinase and argatroban, but 3 months after admission, he died with sudden hypotension and impaired consciousness. Autopsy revealed that subarachnoid hemorrhage due to the rupture of basilar artery aneurysm was responsible for this event.