An integrated clinical pathway for pancreatic and periampullary tumor management within the Pancreas Unit network in Lombardy, Italy.

This study presents a novel clinical pathway framework developed to standardize care protocols across the Pancreas Units network in the Lombardy region, which was established in 2024. The primary goal is to improve the quality of care across hub-and-spoke units by ensuring consistency in diagnosis, treatment, and follow-up. A key feature is the early integration of palliative care, aiming to enhance patient well-being throughout the treatment journey. The framework establishes a comprehensive care continuum, from patient admission to post-treatment follow-up, with local and regional case managers coordinating care and ensuring timely access to services. Their role is essential in maintaining continuity and optimizing treatment. The framework also emphasizes the importance of continuous professional development for healthcare providers and the implementation of a digital platform to enhance care coordination and track treatment outcomes. Additionally, patient rights and ethical considerations are emphasized throughout the care process. This study contributes to the growing body of literature on standardized care pathways in oncology, particularly in the context of regionalized healthcare systems. Future research should focus on evaluating the long-term impacts of this framework on patient outcomes and healthcare system efficiency.