Platelet concentrates in periodontics: a journey through platelet-rich plasma, platelet-rich fibrin and their therapeutic uses: a literature update.

PURPOSE OF REVIEW: This review aims to provide an updated overview of platelet concentrates, particularly platelet-rich plasma (PRP) and platelet-rich fibrin (PRF), and their evolving applications in periodontal therapy. It highlights their regenerative potential, mechanisms of action, and clinical outcomes in managing periodontal defects.

RECENT FINDINGS: Recent findings emphasize PRF's superiority over PRP due to its simpler preparation, sustained release of growth factors, and absence of anticoagulants, promoting enhanced tissue healing and bone regeneration. Studies support the adjunctive use of PRF in procedures like flap surgeries, intrabony defect treatment, and gingival recession coverage. Clinical evidence favors PRF as a predictable, biocompatible aid in modern periodontal regenerative strategies.

SUMMARY: Its unique three-dimensional fibrin network supports cellular migration and acts as a framework for tissue regeneration, offering gradual release of growth factors like transforming growth factor-beta and platelet-derived growth factor. Advanced forms, such as injectable PRF, are developed to enhance clinical outcomes by promoting fibroblast migration and tissue regeneration. This review explores the various types of platelet concentrates, their preparation methods, and their applications in periodontal therapy. It highlights the potential of PRF in enhancing periodontal regeneration, offering a comprehensive overview of current advancements and future directions in this field.