Operative Techniques, Current Controversies, and Future Directions in the Surgical Management of Liver, Lung, and Peritoneal Metastases in Colorectal Cancer.

Colorectal cancer remains a substantial global health concern, with metastatic disease presenting an intimidating challenge. In recent decades, surgical management of metastatic disease to common sites, including liver, lung, and peritoneum, has advanced, reflecting improvements in surgical techniques, perioperative care, and multimodal treatment approaches. Historically, due to a dire prognosis, surgical interventions were reserved for symptom management and palliative intent. However, with the wider application of lung and liver resections to colorectal metastases as well as the development of cytoreductive surgery, outcomes for these patients continue to improve, and for some patients, the potential for cure. This narrative review will explore the operative techniques, current controversies, and future directions in the surgical management of liver, lung, and peritoneal metastases in colorectal cancer.