Sepsis and Liver Abscess Caused by Leuconostoc mesenteroides in a Pediatric Patient with Aplastic Anemia.

Aplastic anemia is a potentially life-threatening condition characterized by bone marrow failure, leading to severe pancytopenia and an increased risk of bacterial and fungal infections. The management of such infections is challenging in immunocompromised patients, particularly in the absence of definitive guidelines. We report a case of a 10-year-old boy with very severe aplastic anemia who developed sepsis and a liver abscess due to Leuconostoc mesenteroides. The infection resolved only after improvement of the absolute neutrophil count following hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. Because this organism is intrinsically resistant to vancomycin, treatment may require prolonged therapy with aminoglycosides, chloramphenicol, macrolides and other active agents. This case highlights the importance of considering rare pathogens such as L. mesenteroides in immunocompromised patients with persistent infections.