Relationship between Monoclonal Gammopathy of undetermined significance and multiple myeloma via online database analysis.

OBJECTIVE

To explore the relationship between Monoclonal Gammopathy of undetermined significance (MGUS) and Multiple Myeloma (MM) based on bioinformatics methods.

METHODS

In this study, we conducted bioinformatics to identify genes associated with MGUS and MM using the PubMed pubmed2ensemble (http://pubmed2ensembl.ls.manchester. ac.uk/) until 2021. Gene ontology function was used to label overlapping genes, and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes analysis was used to identify enriched pathways. The cluster-1 genes obtained from Cytoscape were analyzed by Comparative Toxicogenomics Database (CTD, http://ctdbase.org/) and then used to screen candidate drugs using the DSigDB database (https://amp.pharm.mssm.edu/Enrichr/).

RESULTS

In total, 227 genes were common to both MGUS and MM. These genes were significantly associated with cytokine-cytokine receptor interaction and the PI3K-Akt signaling pathway. The protein-protein interaction network revealed that TNF, IL-1B, IL-6, CSF2, CXCL8, and IL-10 were among the core genes of MM. Finally, eight candidate drugs showed maximum interaction with core genes, which could potentially prevent MGUS from progressing to MM.

CONCLUSION

The progression of MGUS to MM is driven by aberrant cytokine secretion, which leads to inflammation immune dysfunction, and dysregulation of the PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway.