A Review of the Potential Therapeutic Benefits of Quercetin for Uterine-Related Conditions.

Quercetin is a naturally occurring flavonoid found in fruits, vegetables, and teas that is widely available as a dietary supplement. Numerous studies have investigated quercetin's therapeutic potential across a broad range of diseases and conditions. Collectively, these studies reveal its anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, anti-proliferative, anti-cancer, anti-fibrotic, antibacterial, endocrine-modulating, and senolytic properties, establishing quercetin as a polypharmacologic agent with diverse biological activities. This review describes quercetin's biochemical properties, bioavailability, and proposed mechanisms of action. It highlights the unique characteristics of the human uterus vs. other species and evaluates published evidence from pre-clinical and clinical studies supporting quercetin's pleiotropic effects and potential therapeutic benefits for six uterine-related conditions: endometrial cancer, endometriosis, adenomyosis, uterine infections, uterine fibroids, and polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). The findings support that quercetin targets multiple endometrial and other uterine cell types and may attenuate key pathological processes relevant to uterine disease. However, robust human clinical evidence supporting quercetin's efficacy is generally lacking. Critical knowledge gaps and translational barriers to advancing quercetin from a 'promising preclinical candidate' into an 'evidence-based therapeutic' for improving uterine health are discussed.