Current Trends in the Treatment of Cervical Pregnancy: A Narrative Review.

Background and

Objective

Cervical pregnancy, as a rare type of ectopic pregnancy, can lead to life-threatening complications. Early diagnosis is crucial for optimal management and fertility-sparing strategies. However, despite advances in imaging and early detection, standardized guidelines for management are still lacking. Materials and

Methods

This narrative review is based on the collection of case reports of CEP, published in PubMed and Google Scholar in the period 1984-2025. We also included heterotopic cervical pregnancy as it poses even greater challenge to the clinicians.

Results

Twenty-two articles reporting a total of twenty-four case reports specifically focus on different management techniques and their corresponding success rates. Currently, there is no consensus regarding the optimal management of this type of ectopic pregnancy, and therapeutic decisions are largely influenced by the clinical presentation, available resources, and the expertise of the treating clinicians and institutions.

Conclusions

Conservative approaches should be prioritized as first-line therapy in hemodynamically stable patients where fertility preservation is desired. Minimally invasive procedures may be considered as second-line options following failure of conservative management. Hysterectomy remains the last resort for patients with refractory disease or life-threatening hemorrhage. The proposed algorithm provides an expert-based framework for the management of cervical ectopic pregnancy, emphasizing hemodynamic stability, β-hCG levels, and fertility preservation as key determinants of treatment selection.