Venetoclax combined with chidamide and decitabine successfully induced remission in relapsed/refractory classical Hodgkin lymphoma: a case report and literature review.

Most patients with classical Hodgkin lymphoma (cHL) can achieve long-term survival with frontline combination chemotherapy and radiation therapy, but approximately 10%-30% of patients will develop relapsed/refractory (R/R) disease. High-dose chemotherapy followed by autologous stem cell transplantation (ASCT) combined with brentuximab vedotin (BV) maintenance therapy improves patient prognosis. However, the management of relapse after ASCT remains a challenge. This report presents a case of a patient with relapsed cHL after ASCT who was successfully treated with targeted therapy combined with two epigenetic modulators. A 26-year-old male patient was diagnosed with stage IIA cHL and received five-line treatment, including ABVD, GemOx-D, anti-PD-1/PD-L1 monoclonal antibodies, anti-CD47/PD-L1 bispecific antibodies, and BV combined with ICE, ultimately achieving first complete remission (CR). The patient subsequently underwent peripheral blood ASCT and BV maintenance therapy. However, 16 months post transplantation, disease relapse was detected on follow-up PET/CT scan. The patient subsequently received 6 cycles of the Ven-Chi-Dec regimen (venetoclax combined with chidamide and decitabine), achieving complete metabolic remission (CMR) with no significant adverse effects. This case report suggests that the Ven-Chi-Dec regimen may be a potential treatment for patients with R/R cHL after ASCT, although further studies are needed to validate its efficacy.