Uterine angiomyolipoma: a clinical analysis of 8 cases and literature review.

PURPOSE: Uterine angiomyolipoma (AML) is a rare condition involving benign tumors composed of varying proportions of blood vessels, fat, and epithelioid or spindled smooth muscle cells. We analyzed the clinicopathological features, diagnosis and treatment methods, and prognosis of uterine AML.

METHODS

We retrospectively analyzed the clinical-pathological data of eight patients with pathologically diagnosed uterine AML at a single center from January 2008 to July 2020.

RESULTS

The mean age of the patients was 50 years (range, 41-62). One patient was asymptomatic; the main clinical manifestations of the others included vaginal bleeding (3), menorrhagia (2), abdominal pain (1), and dysmenorrhea with adenomyosis (1). In one case, fat components observed via abdominal computed tomography led to a diagnosis of uterine leiomyolipoma; the rest were diagnosed as uterine leiomyoma (4), uterine fibroid degeneration (2), and pelvic mass (1). The lesions were in the body of the uterus (6), the fundus of the uterus (1), and the broad ligament (1). Seven patients had a focal soft tumor texture, and one had a tough texture; the lesions were yellow (3), yellow-white (3), and pinkish white (2). Surgeries included transabdominal myomectomy (2), transabdominal hysterectomy (2), transabdominal hysterectomy/bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy (2), and laparoscopic total hysterectomy/bilateral salpingectomy (2). The median follow-up time was 72 months. No relapses were reported.

CONCLUSION

Uterine AML has a low incidence rate and is most likely to occur in perimenopausal women. The clinical manifestations are similar to those of uterine leiomyomas, but AML should be suspected if the internal echo of the uterine tumor is uneven and contains adipose tissue.