Advances in IPMN imaging: deep learning-enhanced HASTE improves lesion assessment.

OBJECTIVE

The prevalence of asymptomatic pancreatic cysts is increasing due to advances in imaging techniques. Among these, intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasms (IPMNs) are most common, with potential for malignant transformation, often necessitating close follow-up. This study evaluates novel MRI techniques for the assessment of IPMN.

MATERIALS AND

METHODS

From May to December 2023, 59 patients undergoing abdominal MRI were retrospectively enrolled. Examinations were conducted on 3-Tesla scanners using a Deep-Learning Accelerated Half-Fourier Single-Shot Turbo Spin-Echo (HASTEDL) and standard HASTE (HASTES) sequence. Two readers assessed minimum detectable lesion size and lesion-to-parenchyma contrast quantitatively, and qualitative assessments focused on image quality. Statistical analyses included the Wilcoxon signed-rank and chi-squared tests.

RESULTS

HASTEDL demonstrated superior overall image quality (p < 0.001), with higher sharpness and contrast ratings (p < 0.001, p = 0.112). HASTEDL showed enhanced conspicuity of IPMN (p < 0.001) and lymph nodes (p < 0.001), with more frequent visualization of IPMN communication with the pancreatic duct (p < 0.001). Visualization of complex features (dilated pancreatic duct, septa, and mural nodules) was superior in HASTEDL (p < 0.001). The minimum detectable cyst size was significantly smaller for HASTEDL (4.17 mm ± 3.00 vs. 5.51 mm ± 4.75; p < 0.001). Inter-reader agreement was for (к 0.936) for HASTEDL, slightly lower (к 0.885) for HASTES.

CONCLUSION

HASTEDL in IPMN imaging provides superior image quality and significantly reduced scan times. Given the increasing prevalence of IPMN and the ensuing clinical need for fast and precise imaging, HASTEDL improves the availability and quality of patient care.

KEY POINTS: Question Are there advantages of deep-learning-accelerated MRI in imaging and assessing intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasms (IPMN)? Findings Deep-Learning Accelerated Half-Fourier Single-Shot Turbo Spin-Echo (HASTEDL) demonstrated superior image quality, improved conspicuity of "worrisome features" and detection of smaller cysts, with significantly reduced scan times. Clinical relevance HASTEDL provides faster, high-quality MRI imaging, enabling improved diagnostic accuracy and timely risk stratification for IPMN, potentially enhancing patient care and addressing the growing clinical demand for efficient imaging of IPMN.