Efficient and wavelength Ho:Y2O3 ceramic laser intra-cavity pumped by diode-pumped thulium laser.
Обработка статьи · этапы, ошибки и управление
Ошибки и ограничения
История · было → стало
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Gower Nicolas, Feugier Pierre, Westin Jason, Schiano De Colella Jean-Marc, Tilly Hervé, Palomba M Lia, Julia Edith, Damaj Gandhi-Laurent, Durand Amandine, Flinn Ian, Lemonnier François, Morineau Nadine, Ysebaert Loic, Bartlett Nancy, Thieblemont Catherine, Ribrag Vincent, Gastinne Thomas, Dony Arthur, Fouillet Ludovic, Guidez Stephanie, Houot Roch, Da Silva Maria Gomes, Barnes Jeffrey, Bijou Fontanet, Cartron Guillaume, Garcia-Sancho Alejandro Martin, Eradat Herbert, Cheminant Morgane, Guillermo Armando Lopez, Abrisqueta Pau, Abraham Julie, Sarkozy Clémentine, Izutsu Koji, Crochet Gilles, Sehn Laurie H, Gkasiamis Argyrios, Yge Marie Laurence, Chartier Loic, Fowler Nathan, Xerri Luc, Salles Gilles, Morschhauser Franck
Аннотация
METHODS: A cross-sectional study was conducted among 216 adult outpatients presenting with productive cough. Sociodemographic, lifestyle, and medical data were obtained using structured questionnaires. Sputum samples were cultured, and antibiotic susceptibility testing was performed using Kirby-Bauer disk diffusion according to Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI) M100 (2022) guidelines. Logistic regression analyses were used to identify factors associated with antibiotic resistance. A p value of < 0.05 was considered statistically significant.
RESULTS: Bacterial pathogens were isolated in 139 (64.4%) patients. The most frequent were Streptococcus pneumoniae 57 (40.8%), Staphylococcus aureus 40 (28.6%), Klebsiella pneumoniae 17 (12.2%), and Streptococcus pyogenes 14 (10.2%). Most bacterial isolates were sensitive to imipenem 105 (75.5%), ceftazidime 92 (66.7%), and cefepime 81 (58.5%), while the lowest was to ampicillin 13 (9.5%) and amoxicillin 13 (9.5%). Antibiotic resistance was associated with smoking (aOR = 2.89, 95% CI: 1.074-7.784, p = 0.036) and prior use of antibiotic (aOR = 2.65, 95% CI: 1.103-6.369, p = 0.029).
CONCLUSION: Among outpatients with a productive cough at Hoima Regional Referral Hospital, Streptococcus pneumoniae, Staphylococcus aureus were the leading Gram-positive isolates, and Klebsiella pneumoniae was the most common Gram-negative. Gram-negative isolates showed more susceptibility to ceftazidime, and overall susceptibility was more for imipenem, whereas ampicillin and amoxicillin demonstrated very low activity. Antibiotic resistance was significantly associated with smoking and prior use of antibiotic. These findings underscore the need for routine sputum culture and sensitivity testing, and strengthened public health measures to reduce smoking and inappropriate use of antibiotic.