Uterine Leiomyosarcoma in a Case of Leiomyoma: A Rare Encounter with Review of Newer Diagnostic Modalities.

Uterine leiomyoma is the most common benign tumor in women[1] and a frequent outpatient finding by gynaecologists, whereas leiomyosarcomas (LMSs) comprise <1% of female genital tract malignancies. We present the case of a 37-year-old female who underwent fertility sparing surgery for uterine leiomyoma and was postoperatively diagnosed as LMS. She subsequently underwent a completion surgery for the same. The diagnostic challenges in a case of suspected sarcoma of the uterus are manifold. It may assist the clinician to use keep a high degree of suspicion in certain cases and explore newer scoring systems and biomarkers preoperatively.