Novel therapeutic agents and intensive chemotherapy improve survival outcomes in patients with mantle cell lymphoma.

Mantle cell lymphoma (MCL) is a rare type of mature B-cell lymphoma. This multicenter retrospective cohort study aimed to analyze the epidemiological characteristics, treatment patterns, and survival outcomes of patients with MCL in Taiwan. We collected baseline information, treatment modalities, and response evaluation of patients with MCL. A total of 204 patients who were diagnosed with mantle cell lymphoma between November 2001 and July 2022 were included. When divided into low, intermediate, and high-risk groups according to the Mantle Cell Lymphoma International Prognostic Index, their median overall survival times were 83.7 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 77.7-NR), 72.7 (95% CI: 30.7-NR), and 19.3 (95% CI: 14.2-45.6) months, respectively. In this multicenter retrospective cohort, first line rituximab containing regimens, higher chemotherapy intensity, and ASCT were associated with longer PFS/OS, although the magnitude and statistical significance varied after adjustment and by transplant eligibility. Given potential confounding by indication, era effects, and missing data, these findings should be interpreted as observational associations rather than causal effects. Prospective or target trial emulation studies are warranted.