Neuroprotective Potential of Conditioned Medium from Adipose and Liver Mesenchymal Stem Cells in a Rat Model of Global Cerebral Ischemia-reperfusion Injury.

BACKGROUND

Mesenchymal stem cell-derived conditioned medium (MSCCM) contains bioactive factors that provide neuroprotection in cases of cerebral ischemia-reperfusion (IR) injury. This study aimed to compare the therapeutic potential of rat adipose-derived MSC-CM (rAD-MSC-CM) and chicken embryo liver-derived MSC-CM (cLD-MSC-CM) following global cerebral IR injury in male rats.

MATERIAL AND

METHODS

We harvested rAD-MSC-CM from the adipose tissue surrounding the epididymis of Wistar rats and cLD-MSC-CM from the liver tissue of 10- day-old chicken embryos. To induce global cerebral ischemia, we utilized a four-vessel occlusion (4VO) model in rats. After inducing ischemia, the conditioned media were administered via intravenous injection 30 minutes post-reperfusion. We evaluated the cognitive and non-cognitive functions of the animals using standard behavioral tests. Additionally, we assessed blood-brain barrier (BBB) permeability, brain water content (BWC), oxidative-antioxidative status, and conducted histopathological analyses of the hippocampal tissue in the IR rats.

RESULTS AND DISCUSSION: Our findings demonstrated that treatment with both rADMSC- CM and cLD-MSC-CM significantly improved memory function, reduced anxietyand depression-like behaviors, and enhanced exploratory activities. These behavioral improvements correlated with decreased BBB permeability and BWC, reduced oxidative stress, and mitigated histopathological changes in the hippocampal tissue.

CONCLUSION

Our findings suggest that both rAD-MSC-CM and cLD-MSC-CM offer protective benefits against IR injury, likely owing to their antioxidant properties.