Effect of periodontal parameters on maxillary sinus floor augmentation outcomes in a group of periodontitis patients: a retrospective study.

OBJECTIVES: Studies investigating the impact of periodontal disease on sinus floor augmentation (SFA) have focused on periodontal disease history; however, detailed periodontal parameters remain insufficiently addressed. The aim was to evaluate the effects of clinical and radiographic periodontal parameters on SFA outcomes. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This retrospective study included data from SFA procedures performed using the lateral window approach in patients with periodontitis. Data comprised clinical attachment level (CAL), probing pocket depth (PPD), bleeding on probing, plaque index, gingival index (GI), and radiographic periodontal bone loss data obtained before periodontal treatment. Residual bone height, sinus width, sinus volume, sinus membrane thickness (SMT0), bone gain (BG), graft height (GH), sinus volume difference (SVD), and sinus membrane thickness difference (SMTD) were evaluated on cone beam computed tomography images taken before SFA and at the fourth month. Graft resorption (GR) was assessed by comparing panoramic radiographs taken immediately and four months after SFA. RESULTS: This study included 84 sinuses from 60 patients (31 males, 29 females; mean age: 47.38 ± 10.02 years). No significant differences were observed in BG, GH, and SVD regarding clinical and radiographic periodontal parameters. SMTD demonstrated significantly greater values in severe CAL ≥ 3 mm, CAL ≥ 5 mm, PPD ≥ 6 mm, and moderate GI groups (p = 0.007, p = 0.006, p = 0.023, and p = 0.012, respectively). GR was significantly higher in the SMT0 0–2 mm group and the severe CAL ≥ 5 mm group (p = 0.033 and p = 0.034, respectively). CONCLUSIONS: Clinical periodontal parameters may influence graft resorption and membrane thickness in SFA procedures performed in patients with periodontitis, although comparisons were not adjusted. CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Even under stable periodontal conditions, baseline attachment levels may still influence membrane thickness and graft resorption in the early period following sinus augmentation. CLINICAL TRIAL NUMBER: Not applicable.