An Overview of Panobinostat: Pharmacological and Medicinal Chemistry Aspects.

Panobinostat, a potent histone deacetylase inhibitor (HDACi), has been studied for epigenetic control and cancer treatment. It impacts chromatin remodeling, gene transcription, and protein degradation, leading to the progression of the cell cycle and death. This review extensively analyses panobinostat's pharmacological and medicinal chemistry characteristics, including its mode of action, structure-activity relationship, metabolism, synthesis, and repurposing. Current research shows panobinostat to be effective for nononcological indications such as neurological disorders, HIV latency reversal, and fetal haemoglobin reactivation. This review highlights the necessity for continued SAR investigations to improve isoform selectivity and examines the growing clinical applications of panobinostat beyond oncology.