Efficacy of 4-dimensional hysterosalpingo-contrast sonography and X-ray hysterosalpingography in infertility.

OBJECTIVE

To assess and compare efficacy of 4-dimensional hysterosalpingo-contrast sonography (4D-HyCoSy) and X-ray hysterosalpingography (HSG) for fallopian tube examination.

METHODS

Clinical data of patients with suspected tubal infertility, who underwent examinations in Qingdao Women and Children's Hospital from September 2021 to December 2023, were retrospectively analyzed. Of them, 40 patients received laparoscopy and dye test+ 4D-HyCoSy (4D-HyCoSy group), and 36 patients received laparoscopy and dye test +HSG (HSG group).

RESULTS

The study included clinical data of 76 patients with a total of 149 fallopian tubes. Using laparoscopy and dye test observations as the gold standard, 4D-HyCoSy and X-HSG examinations identified 39 blocked tubes, 69 tubes with partial patency, and 41 tubes with patency. Compared with laparoscopy and dye test, the diagnostic concordance rate of 4D-HyCoSy was 70.51% (55/78), Kappa=0.546 (P<0.05); and the diagnostic concordance rate of HSG was 69.01% (49/71), Kappa=0.516 (P<0.05). Sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy of the diagnosis of obstruction, partial patency, and patency were comparable in the two groups (P>0.05). The incidence of pain and adverse reactions were significantly lower in the 4D-HyCoSy group compared to the HSG group (P<0.05).

CONCLUSIONS

While both 4D-HyCoSy and HSG have high efficacy in fallopian tube examination, and are similarly accurate in evaluating tubal blockage, 4D-HyCoSy is associated with lower incidence of pain, and reduced rate of adverse reactions.