[Testicular sex cord stromal tumors].

Testicular sex cord stromal tumors are rare neoplasms arising from the sex cord and stromal elements of the testis, exhibiting highly heterogeneous behavior. Although 90% of cases represent biologically benign lesions, the remainder show aggressive, therapy-resistant clinical courses that can rapidly become fatal. In addition, it is challenging to distinguish them from germ cell tumors. The authors present the clinicopathological features of the following entities: Leydig cell tumor, Sertoli cell tumor not otherwise specified, large cell calcifying Sertoli cell tumor, adult-type granulosa cell tumor, juvenile-type granulosa cell tumor, the fibroma/thecoma group, mixed sex cord-stromal tumor, signet-ring stromal tumor, myoid gonadal stromal tumor, and sex cord-stromal tumor not otherwise specified. The aim of the publication is to introduce these lesions to Hungarian medical practitioners, thereby increasing their awareness, appropriate management, and the collection of cases for various targeted tests. Orv Hetil. 2026; 167(20): 784-797.