Ex vivo applications of porcine ocular surface tissues: Advancing eye research and alternatives to animal studies.

The use of tissues of porcine origin has gained significant momentum in the scientific community due to their anatomical and physiological resemblance to human tissues. This review provides a comprehensive overview of the key biological features of porcine ocular structures, including the cornea, conjunctiva, and associated tissues, in comparison to their human counterparts. Additionally, this review outlined the ex vivo applications of these tissues in the study of different biological processes and the simulation of pathological conditions. By highlighting the potential of porcine ocular surface tissues as cost-effective, ethically appropriate, and reliable models, this review underscores their value in advancing eye and vision research.