Increased risk of hip and other major osteoporotic fractures within 18 months of lymphoma diagnosis-a national registry study of 36,864 Swedish lymphoma patients.

UNLABELLED: In this retrospective population cohort comprising 36,864 adult lymphoma patients, an increased risk of MOF, including hip fractures, was observed within 18 months of lymphoma diagnosis compared with the Swedish population and especially increased in the 51-60-year age group.

PURPOSE: To explore the risk of osteoporotic fractures in lymphoma patients compared with that in the general Swedish population.

METHODS

Fracture risk was evaluated in a retrospective cohort comprising lymphoma patients (aged ≥ 18 years) diagnosed between 2000 and 2018 (n = 36,864), as recorded in the Swedish Lymphoma Register, and a matched cohort from the general population (n = 368,082).

RESULTS

The risk of major osteoporotic fracture (MOF) overall (n = 1009, 60% women) and specifically hip fracture (n = 594) within 18 months of lymphoma diagnosis was greater in the overall cohort of lymphoma patients than in the matched cohort [incidence rate ratio (IRR) of MOF 1.14 (95% CI 1.07-1.21) and hip fracture 1.14 (95% CI 1.05-1.24), respectively], with a particularly pronounced increase observed in the 51-60 age group [IRR MOF 1.64 (95% CI 1.47-2.27), hip fracture 2.60 (95% CI 1.85-3.63)]. The IRRs for MOF and hip fracture in patients with diffuse large B cell lymphoma were 1.27 (95% CI 1.14-1.42) and 1.24 (95% CI 1.07-1.44), respectively. At 15 years postdiagnosis, the risk of MOF and hip fracture among lymphoma patients was nearly equivalent to that of the general population.

CONCLUSION

Compared with those of matched controls, the incidence of osteoporotic fractures among lymphoma patients within 18 months after lymphoma diagnosis was significantly greater. The risk was especially increased in the 51-60-year age group.