Xanthomatous hyperplastic polyps of the stomach: clinicopathologic study of 5 patients with polypoid gastric lesions showing combined features of gastric xanthelasma and hyperplastic polyp.

Gastric xanthelasmas are uncommon benign lesions that are macroscopically well-demarcated yellow or yellow-white plaques and are microscopically formed by collections of foamy macrophages. Because gastric hyperplastic polyps may rarely be associated with xanthelasma, we aimed to report 5 cases of combined lesions showing features of gastric xanthelasma and hyperplastic polyps observed over the past 3 years at our institution among 4497 patients who underwent gastric endoscopy. The patients were 3 men and 2 women aged 45 to 78 years. The lesions were located in oxyntic mucosa, except one in the antrum, and measured 2 to 6 mm. Three patients showed associated chronic gastritis; none showed evidence of Helicobacter pylori infection. Combined lesions of hyperplastic polyp with xanthelasma appear to have an association with chronic gastritis, and the lipid accumulation may be the cause of hyperplasia in the overlying mucosa.