Endocrine practice : official journal of the American College of Endocrinology and the American Association of Clinical Endocrinologists · 2025
Global Incidence, Risk Factors, and Temporal Trends of Adrenal Cancer: A Systematic Analysis of Cancer Registries.
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Huang Junjie, Fung Yat Ching, Chan Sze Chai, Pang Wing Sze, Lok Veeleah, Zhang Lin, Lin Xu, Lucero-Prisno Iii Don Eliseo, Xu Wanghong, Zheng Zhi-Jie, Elcarte Edmar, Zhong Claire Chenwen, Withers Mellissa, Wong Martin C S, NCD Global Health Research Group, Association of Pacific Rim Universities (APRU)
Аннотация
OBJECTIVE: Adrenal gland cancer (AGC) is a rare cancer with a poor prognosis. Studies on this cancer have been limited. This study, for the first time, aims to analyze the global disease burden and trends of AGC in country level and examine lifestyle and socioeconomic risk factors to generate hypotheses.
METHODS: The Global Cancer Observatory database was used to extract the incidence rate of AGC in 2020. Age-standardized rates (ASRs) of AGC incidence and lifestyle/metabolic risk factor prevalence were obtained from databases. Linear regression and Joinpoint regression were used to assess associations with risk factors and Average Annual Percentage Change of AGC incidence.
RESULTS: Globally, there were an estimated 16 961 new AGC cases in 2020 (ASR: 0.14 per 100 000 persons). Higher disease burden was observed mainly in European regions. ASRs were comparable between sexes (males: 0.16; females: 0.14). The higher ASR was observed among the older population aged 50 to 74 years with an ASR of 0.31 compared with the younger population aged 15 to 49 years with an ASR of 0.07. Higher AGC incidence was associated with higher Human Development Index, gross domestic product, and lifestyle-related factors such as physical inactivity, obesity, hypertension, and lipid disorder (β = 0.005-0.052).
CONCLUSION: The overall incidence trend showed a decrease, with 3 countries reporting significant decreases and 1 country reporting a significant increase. Similar patterns were observed by sex and age group, except for an overall increase among the younger population.
METHODS: The Global Cancer Observatory database was used to extract the incidence rate of AGC in 2020. Age-standardized rates (ASRs) of AGC incidence and lifestyle/metabolic risk factor prevalence were obtained from databases. Linear regression and Joinpoint regression were used to assess associations with risk factors and Average Annual Percentage Change of AGC incidence.
RESULTS: Globally, there were an estimated 16 961 new AGC cases in 2020 (ASR: 0.14 per 100 000 persons). Higher disease burden was observed mainly in European regions. ASRs were comparable between sexes (males: 0.16; females: 0.14). The higher ASR was observed among the older population aged 50 to 74 years with an ASR of 0.31 compared with the younger population aged 15 to 49 years with an ASR of 0.07. Higher AGC incidence was associated with higher Human Development Index, gross domestic product, and lifestyle-related factors such as physical inactivity, obesity, hypertension, and lipid disorder (β = 0.005-0.052).
CONCLUSION: The overall incidence trend showed a decrease, with 3 countries reporting significant decreases and 1 country reporting a significant increase. Similar patterns were observed by sex and age group, except for an overall increase among the younger population.