Quintessence international (Berlin, Germany : 1985) · 2025
Frostbite injuries to the head and neck associated with nitrous oxide abuse: review of published cases.
СтатьяОбзорНазвание и аннотация: Перевод в очереди
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Brooks John K
Аннотация
OBJECTIVES: The objectives of this article were to provide a review of published cases of frostbite injuries of the head and neck associated with abuse of nitrous oxide (NO) and to summarize other pathophysiologic consequences.
METHOD AND MATERIALS: A literature search was undertaken for articles on the development of frostbite injuries to the head and neck from recreational use of NO, including review papers, clinical investigations, case reports, case series, cohort studies, and letters to the editor. Relevant articles were attained from the electronic databases of PubMed and Google Scholar from 1 January 1985 through 5 July 2025 and from references cited within culled sources.
RESULTS: The search identified 13 articles, involving 16 patients, with NO-related frostbite injuries to the head and neck. Commonly affected sites included the face, palate, lips, and oropharynx. Six patients required hospital admission, including three who were referred to the intensive care unit.
CONCLUSIONS: Oral health care practitioners should be aware of contemporary modalities of substance abuse, particularly from the recreational use of NO and the consequent risk of frostbite to the mucocutaneous structures of the head and neck. Attending clinicians are advised to educate their patients about the potential for these injuries from recreational NO abuse.
METHOD AND MATERIALS: A literature search was undertaken for articles on the development of frostbite injuries to the head and neck from recreational use of NO, including review papers, clinical investigations, case reports, case series, cohort studies, and letters to the editor. Relevant articles were attained from the electronic databases of PubMed and Google Scholar from 1 January 1985 through 5 July 2025 and from references cited within culled sources.
RESULTS: The search identified 13 articles, involving 16 patients, with NO-related frostbite injuries to the head and neck. Commonly affected sites included the face, palate, lips, and oropharynx. Six patients required hospital admission, including three who were referred to the intensive care unit.
CONCLUSIONS: Oral health care practitioners should be aware of contemporary modalities of substance abuse, particularly from the recreational use of NO and the consequent risk of frostbite to the mucocutaneous structures of the head and neck. Attending clinicians are advised to educate their patients about the potential for these injuries from recreational NO abuse.