Current medicinal chemistry · 2026
Etoxazole Induces Dose-Dependent Oxidative Stress in Rat Heart, Lung, and Spleen Tissues.
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Konuk Elçin Yenidünya, Bati Bedia, Tekce Serkan, Demir Halit, Demir Canan
Аннотация
BACKGROUND: Etoxazole (ETX) is a widely used acaricide, yet its systemic toxicity and effects on oxidative balance in non-hepatic tissues remain poorly understood. This study investigated the dose-dependent impact of ETX on oxidative stress markers in rat heart, lung, and spleen tissues.
METHODS: Forty-two female Wistar albino rats were divided into six groups: one control and five treatment groups receiving 25-750 mg/kg ETX via oral gavage for 28 days. Total sulfhydryl (t-SH), adenosine deaminase (ADA), ischemia-modified albumin (IMA), and asymmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA) levels were measured spectrophotometrically.
RESULTS: ETX exposure was associated with significant, dose-dependent alterations in oxidative stress biomarkers across all examined tissues. t-SH levels decreased, whereas ADA, IMA, and ADMA levels increased with increasing ETX doses. Cardiac IMA rose 2.7-fold increase at higher doses, indicating enhanced oxidative stress-related biochemical alterations. Elevated ADMA levels suggested alterations in nitric oxide-related pathways.
DISCUSSION: These findings indicate that subchronic ETX exposure disrupts redox homeostasis in extrahepatic tissues in a dose-dependent manner.
CONCLUSION: ETX induces systemic oxidative imbalance in rat tissues, highlighting the need for further mechanistic investigations. This study was conducted in female rats and focused on biochemical biomarkers without histopathological evaluation or inclusion of a positive control, which should be considered when interpreting the findings.
METHODS: Forty-two female Wistar albino rats were divided into six groups: one control and five treatment groups receiving 25-750 mg/kg ETX via oral gavage for 28 days. Total sulfhydryl (t-SH), adenosine deaminase (ADA), ischemia-modified albumin (IMA), and asymmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA) levels were measured spectrophotometrically.
RESULTS: ETX exposure was associated with significant, dose-dependent alterations in oxidative stress biomarkers across all examined tissues. t-SH levels decreased, whereas ADA, IMA, and ADMA levels increased with increasing ETX doses. Cardiac IMA rose 2.7-fold increase at higher doses, indicating enhanced oxidative stress-related biochemical alterations. Elevated ADMA levels suggested alterations in nitric oxide-related pathways.
DISCUSSION: These findings indicate that subchronic ETX exposure disrupts redox homeostasis in extrahepatic tissues in a dose-dependent manner.
CONCLUSION: ETX induces systemic oxidative imbalance in rat tissues, highlighting the need for further mechanistic investigations. This study was conducted in female rats and focused on biochemical biomarkers without histopathological evaluation or inclusion of a positive control, which should be considered when interpreting the findings.