The influence of hormonal changes during pregnancy on bone metabolism - a mini review.

During pregnancy, the maternal endocrine system undergoes a profound hormonal transformation to support fetal development. Although these changes are essential, they significantly affect maternal bone metabolism and may result in a rare but serious condition known as Pregnancy and Lactation-Associated Osteoporosis (PLO). Despite the change in maternal hormone production, there is a new player - a placenta, which makes a substantial contribution to the bone remodeling process. Most publications address the influence of parathyroid hormone, prolactin, and growth hormone. However, data on the interactions between other hormones and skeletal system cells remain limited. Our mini-review focuses on the mechanism by which hormones influence the activity of osteoclasts and osteoblasts.