Promising effects of high-intensity focused ultrasound combined with eribulin and sintilimab in a patient with advanced leiomyosarcoma: a case report and literature review.

Leiomyosarcoma (LMS) is an aggressive malignancy characterized by a high risk of recurrence and metastasis. The prognosis for advanced LMS remains poor due to limited effective treatment options. We report a case of advanced bladder LMS in a male patient whose disease progressed following standard therapies including surgery, first-line chemotherapy, and anlotinib. Disease stabilization was achieved after two cycles of eribulin combined with sintilimab. Subsequently, a partial response was achieved after the addition of high-intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU) to this regimen, and the response was maintained for 7.2 months with continued eribulin and sintilimab. This sustained disease control suggests that the integration of HIFU may augment the antitumor activity of systemic therapy in advanced LMS, warranting further investigation into this multimodal approach for patients refractory to conventional treatments.