Diffuse Carbonic Anhydrase 9 and GATA3 Expression in Fumarate Hydratase Deficient Renal Cell Carcinoma - A Case Report and Immunoprofile Review.

Fumarate hydratase deficient renal cell carcinoma (FHRCC) can exhibit a heterogenous immunoprofile. In the present case, a solitary 10.5 cm mixed cystic and solid left kidney tumor showed various growth patterns, involving renal sinus adipose tissue and the renal pelvis. Tumor cells showed prominent nucleoli and perinucleolar halos. Aberrant diffuse (>90%), strong, and membranous carbonic anhydrase 9 and variable GATA3 expression were present. Diagnostic loss of fumarate hydratase expression and 2-succinyl cysteine overexpression (cytoplasmic and nuclear) were identified. Carbonic anhydrase 9 and GATA3 expression in FHRCC is rarely reported in the literature, and may cause misdiagnosis of clear cell RCC and/or urothelial carcinoma.